Wheat is the most widely grown crop globally — staple food for 2.5 billion people. Hormuz impact (indirect but cascading):
1. Fertilizer prices ↑ (urea, DAP through Hormuz) → production costs ↑
2. Diesel prices ↑ → farming machinery, transport costs ↑
3. Shipping costs ↑ → bunker fuel spike
4. Middle East countries (Iran, Iraq, Saudi) are major wheat IMPORTERS — compete for supply
2022 peak: $580/Mt (Ukraine war — Black Sea exports blocked). Normal: $200-280/Mt.
Combined Hormuz + Ukraine disruption would stress global grain markets severely.
Key exporters (US, Canada, Australia, EU) not physically blocked but face higher costs.
Source: World Bank Pink Sheet (monthly, 2010–present). Updated monthly. 280 data points since 2010-01-01.
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